What Is Hyperpigmentation?

Hyperpigmentation is an umbrella term for several different skin conditions that share one feature: patches of skin that appear darker brown or gray than the surrounding area. The cause, pattern, and best treatment vary significantly depending on which type you have, so an accurate diagnosis is the first step toward an effective plan. Our team at Hagen Health & Absolute Aesthetics in Mukilteo, WA evaluates your specific type of pigmentation before recommending treatment.

Common Types of Hyperpigmentation

Melasma — Symmetrical brown or gray patches on the face caused by hormones and sun exposure. Melasma typically responds best to customized chemical peels and prescription topicals; light-based treatments like IPL are generally avoided since heat can stimulate or worsen melasma.

Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH) — Darker brown color left behind after skin injury, burns, or acne breakouts. Treatment depends on the depth and cause of the original injury, so a consultation helps determine the most effective approach.

Solar Lentigines (Sun/Age Spots) — Small, defined tan to dark brown spots caused by repeated sun exposure on the face, hands, and arms. Flat solar lentigines often respond well to IPL photofacial treatment, though candidacy depends on your skin tone (Fitzpatrick type) — IPL works best for lighter skin types and is not appropriate for all skin tones. Raised solar lentigines are treated differently, using methods like electrocautery, shave removal, or cryotherapy (N2) rather than light-based treatment.

Freckles (Ephelides) — Small brown spots that get darker or more numerous in the sun. Sun protection is the most important preventive measure; some patients pursue light-based or topical treatment to lighten their appearance.

Drug-Induced Discoloration — Darkening of the skin triggered by specific medications or systemic conditions. Treatment starts with identifying and addressing the underlying cause alongside your provider.

Finding the Right Treatment for Your Skin

Because hyperpigmentation has so many possible causes, the most important step is an accurate evaluation before starting treatment. Schedule a consultation with Dr. Elizabeth Hagen to identify your specific type of pigmentation and build a treatment plan matched to your skin.

What causes hyperpigmentation?

Hyperpigmentation can be caused by hormones (melasma), sun exposure (solar lentigines and freckles), skin injury or acne (post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation), or certain medications (drug-induced discoloration).

Is IPL a good treatment for all types of hyperpigmentation?

No. IPL can work well for flat solar lentigines in appropriate skin types, but it is not recommended for melasma, since the heat from IPL can actually stimulate or worsen melasma.

How do I know which type of hyperpigmentation I have?

An in-person evaluation is the best way to identify the type, cause, and most effective treatment for your specific pigmentation.

Can hyperpigmentation come back after treatment?

It can, especially melasma and sun-related pigmentation, which is why sun protection and maintenance care are an important part of any treatment plan.